Nigerian Journal of Engineering is committed to maintaining high standards of academic integrity and publication ethics. All submitted manuscripts are screened for originality using iThenticate or equivalent plagiarism-detection software. The journal permits a similarity index of not more than 20%, subject to editorial assessment. Manuscripts with similarity above 20% will be returned to authors for revision, while those exceeding 50% will be rejected outright. Authors must ensure that submissions are original, unpublished, and not under consideration elsewhere. Plagiarism and self-plagiarism, including the use of published material without proper acknowledgement and citation, are strictly prohibited.