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2026, Vol: 33, Issue: 1
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Original Research 


HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING

Ikechukwu Bismarck Owunna, Aniekan Essienubong Ikpe.


Abstract
The present study investigates the post-weld characteristics of AISI 1020 low carbon steel weldment produced by Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding at distinct arc current steps. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used for imaging the microstructure and morphology of the weld while Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) was employed in checking the mechanical properties and characterization of the weld. LECO micro-hardness tester with a load of 150 kg was used in determining the Rockwell Hardness Number of each welded sample. Increased welding current led to increase in the arc heat, causing the grains to recrystallize and increase in sizes, as such, reducing hardness of the weldment and the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). At welding current of 96.14, 120, 155, 190 and 213A, hardness values of 176.3, 164.2, 136.4, 112.5 and 93.6 were obtained from the fusion zone of each welded specimen while hardness values of 192.2, 174.3, 144.6, 124.8 and 106.3 were obtained from the HAZ of each welded specimen. However, the base metal was not affected as uniform hardness of 115.2 was observed for all the welded samples due to the absence of arc heat disorienting the atoms in the metal lattice.

Key words: TIG welding, Low carbon steel, Rockwell hardness, Microstructure, Arc heat.


 
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Pubmed Style

Owunna IB, Ikpe AE. HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING. NJE. 2022; 29(1): 36-42.

Web Style

Owunna IB, Ikpe AE. HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING. https://www.njeabu.com.ng/?mno=89534 [Access: June 27, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Owunna IB, Ikpe AE. HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING. NJE. 2022; 29(1): 36-42.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Owunna IB, Ikpe AE. HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING. NJE. (2022), [cited June 27, 2026]; 29(1): 36-42.


Harvard Style

Owunna, I. B. & Ikpe, . A. E. (2022) HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING. NJE, 29 (1), 36-42.


Turabian Style

Owunna, Ikechukwu Bismarck, and Aniekan Essienubong Ikpe. 2022. HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 29 (1), 36-42.


Chicago Style

Owunna, Ikechukwu Bismarck, and Aniekan Essienubong Ikpe. "HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 29 (2022), 36-42.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Owunna, Ikechukwu Bismarck, and Aniekan Essienubong Ikpe. "HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 29.1 (2022), 36-42. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Owunna, I. B. & Ikpe, . A. E. (2022) HARDNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF AISI 1020 LOW CARBON STEEL WELDMENT PRODUCED BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 29 (1), 36-42.


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