E-ISSN 2705-3954 | ISSN 0794-4756
 

Research Article 


PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU.

Abstract
Some varieties of coals, lignocellulosic materials like wood, coconut husk and various agricultural wastes can be used for production of activated carbon (AC). This study looks into the production of an AC from bituminous Lafia-Obi Nasarawa coal by chemical activation with phosphoric acid. The effects of activation temperature and time on the textural characteristics were investigated. A preliminary proximate analysis put the fixed carbon content of the raw coal sample at 63.6%, thereby effectively putting the coal within the rank of bituminous coal. The coal sample was activated with phosphoric acid in a coal to acid mass ratio of 1:4. As carbonization temperatures were varied between 550 and 700 °C, and carbonization times of 2 and 3 hours, the effects of these two process variables on BET surface area, DR micropore volume and HK pore size were investigated. The AC sample produced at 550 °C and 2 hours residence time was found to possess a BET surface area of 331.3.2 m2/g, DR micropore volume of 0.125 cm3/g and HK pore size of 9.237 Å, while AC sample produced at 700 °C and 3 hours residence time was found to possess a BET surface area of 596.2 m2/g, DR micropore volume of 0.173 cm3/g and HK pore size of 9.435 Å. When using the water adsorption technique, the Langmuir and BET surface areas were 3855 m2/g and 748.3 m2/g respectively. These values are all within the ranges of most commercial activated carbon.

Key words: Proximate analysis, carbonization, Langmuir, BET, coal.


 
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Pubmed Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU. PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL. NJE. 2019; 26(2): 11-16.


Web Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU. PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL. https://www.njeabu.com.ng/?mno=302644448 [Access: January 05, 2024].


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU. PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL. NJE. 2019; 26(2): 11-16.



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU. PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL. NJE. (2019), [cited January 05, 2024]; 26(2): 11-16.



Harvard Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU (2019) PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL. NJE, 26 (2), 11-16.



Turabian Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU. 2019. PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 26 (2), 11-16.



Chicago Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU. "PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 26 (2019), 11-16.



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU. "PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL." Nigerian Journal of Engineering 26.2 (2019), 11-16. Print.



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Emmanuel BALA,Omuya Raheem MOMOH, Baba Jibril EL-YAKUBU (2019) PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BITUMINOUS NASARAWA COAL. Nigerian Journal of Engineering, 26 (2), 11-16.